Citing online sources

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If you use an online source, you must cite it just as would any print-based information. Online! A Reference Guide to Citing Internet Sources has chapters on using MLA Style, APA Style, Chicago Style, and CBE Style to cite and document sources.In addition, the following examples for multimedia follow elements of APA Style. Author should follow APA format (if a person: Last name, First initial). Citations should always use a hanging indent (subsequent lines are indented from the first line). This cannot be demonstrated on the web, so the following examples do not follow this convention.

Online images

Structure: Author or originator (year of publication). "Description or title of image." [Online image] Retrieved month day, year, from URL. Example: Smithsonian (2001). "Preserving the flag." [Online image] Retrieved October 12, 2001, from http://web8.si.edu/nmah/htdocs/ssb-old/7_preserving/fs7.html

Online sounds

Structure: Author or originator (year of publication). "Description or title of sound." [Online sound] Retrieved on month day, year, from URL.

Example: Alger, F., (2001). "The Alger Market Review: September 24, 2001." [Online sound] Retrieved October 12, 2001, from http://www.algerfund.com/f_comment.htm.

Online video

Structure: Author or originator (year of publication). "Description or title of video clip." [Online video] Retrieved on month day, year, from URL.

Example: Zoological Society of San Diego (2001). "Newborn Meerkat on Exhibit at the Zoo." [Online video] Retrieved on October 12, 2001, from http://www.sandiegozoo.com/virtualzoo/videos/index.html.

Other online media

Structure: Author or originator (year of publication). "Description or title of media." [Online media type] Retrieved on month day, year, from URL.

Example: Adams, S. (1998). "The boss has an idea." [Online Shockwave] Retrieved on October 12, 2001, from http://www.dilbert.com/comics/dilbert/animations/index.html